Human rights are rights inherent in all human beings, without distinction as to race, sex, nationality, ethnic origin, language, religion or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, the right not to be subjected to slavery and torture, freedom of expression and expression, the right to work and education, and much more. Everyone has the right to these rights, without discrimination. Indicators: essential instruments for the realization of human rights The Universal Declaration was the first detailed expression of the fundamental rights and freedoms to which all peoples are entitled. The fundamental principles of human rights first established in the UDHR, such as universality, interdependence and indivisibility, equality and non-discrimination, and the fact that human rights simultaneously encompass the rights and obligations of duty-holders and rights-holders, have been reaffirmed in numerous international human rights conventions, declarations and resolutions. Today, all UN Member States have ratified at least one of the nine most important international human rights treaties, and 80 per cent have ratified four or more, providing concrete expression of the universality of the UDHR and international human rights. It should be noted that the Cayman Islands may or may not be a party to the international treaties discussed in this section. Moreover, due to their status as a British Overseas Territory, the Cayman Islands are not necessarily automatically parties to treaties signed by the United Kingdom. Since the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, the number of international human rights instruments has increased considerably. As a result, researchers often struggle to navigate a confusing array of international treaties, country-specific monitoring reports, court decisions of regional and national courts, and related documents. By ratifying international human rights treaties, Governments undertake to adopt national measures and laws consistent with their contractual obligations. The national legal system therefore offers the most important legal protection of the human rights guaranteed by international law. Where national judicial procedures do not address human rights violations, mechanisms and procedures for individual and collective complaints are available at the regional and international levels to ensure that international human rights standards are effectively respected, implemented and enforced at the local level.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as other international human rights instruments, are sometimes referred to as the International Bill of Rights. International human rights instruments are mentioned by OHCHR[4] and most of them are referenced on the OHCHR website. International human rights instruments are treaties and other international texts that serve as legal sources for international human rights law and the protection of human rights in general. [1] There are many different types, but most can be divided into two broad categories: declarations adopted by bodies such as the UN General Assembly, which are declaratory in nature, i.e. non-legally binding, although they can be politically authoritative and highly respected; [2] and often express guiding principles; and conventions, which are multi-party treaties intended to become legally binding, usually contain normative and very specific language and are usually concluded after a lengthy process that often requires ratification by the legislature of each State. Less well-known are some „recommendations“ that are similar to conventions in that they have been agreed at the multilateral level but cannot be ratified and serve to establish common standards. [3] There may also be administrative guidelines agreed multilaterally by States, as well as the statutes of courts or other institutions. A particular rule or principle of one of these various international instruments may, over time, acquire the status of customary international law, whether or not it is expressly accepted by a State, simply because it is well recognized and followed for a sufficiently long period. The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Other Degrading Treatment or Punishment aims to prevent torture worldwide. It requires States to take measures to eliminate torture within their borders. And it prohibits states from sending a person to another country where they risk being tortured. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities aims to promote, protect and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights by persons with disabilities.

It includes the right to health, education, employment, accessibility and non-discrimination. The Optional Protocol provides for an individual complaints mechanism. Most major human rights treaties have a monitoring body to review the implementation of the treaty by countries that have ratified it. Individuals whose rights have been violated can file complaints directly with the committees that oversee human rights treaties. Human rights protected by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) include the right to vote, the right to freedom of association, the right to a fair trial, the right to privacy and the right to freedom of religion. The First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights establishes a mechanism for individuals to file complaints of violations of their rights. The Second Optional Protocol concerns the abolition of the death penalty. A „treaty“ (also called a „convention“ or „covenant“) is an international legal instrument that imposes binding legal obligations on States parties […].